✳DR. ASTROFLIGHT · SPACE · SYSTEMS

UTILITY DECK · FIVE PRACTICAL TOOLS

Make the numbers clear.

Calculate date spans and VA ratings, check today’s ordinal and Julian dates, or convert aviation units and geographic coordinates.

01

Date difference

Uses calendar dates, so daylight-saving changes never alter the result.

CALENDAR SPAN
TOTAL DAYS
WEEKS + DAYS
02

VA disability math

Add individual ratings. VA “whole person” math combines them from highest to lowest.

10% increments

COMBINED VALUE0%before final rounding
VA RATING0%rounded to nearest 10%
ESTIMATED MONTHLY$0.002026 VA rate
ESTIMATED ANNUAL$0.00monthly rate × 12

    Rates effective December 1, 2025. Estimate excludes the bilateral factor, special monthly compensation, individual unemployability, offsets, and unusual dependency cases. Confirm the result with the official VA rating method and current VA rate tables.

    03

    Mission time

    Current calendar and astronomical coordinates for logs, research, aviation, and astronomy.

    ORDINAL DATE · YEAR / DAY
    DAY OF YEAR
    DAYS REMAINING
    ISO WEEK
    ASTRONOMICAL JULIAN DATE
    MODIFIED JULIAN DATE

    The ordinal date uses your local date and counts January 1 as day 1. Astronomical Julian Date is a continuous day count that begins at noon UTC; Modified Julian Date is JD − 2,400,000.5.

    04

    Flight conversions

    Convert the units used most often in aviation, weather, travel, and engineering.

    CONVERTED VALUE

    Uses standard exact or conventional conversion factors. Results are rounded to a maximum of six decimal places.

    05

    Coordinate converter

    Convert geographic coordinates in either direction between degrees, minutes, seconds (DMS) and signed decimal degrees (DD).

    DMS → DD

    Degrees to decimal

    FORMULADD = D + (M ÷ 60) + (S ÷ 3,600)South and West apply a negative sign to the completed value.
    DECIMAL DEGREES
    DD → DMS

    Decimal to degrees

    FORMULAD = floor(|DD|) · M = floor(remainder × 60)S = remaining minutes × 60. A negative latitude is South; a negative longitude is West.
    DEGREES · MINUTES · SECONDS
    HOW THE MATH WORKS

    One degree contains 60 minutes; one minute contains 60 seconds.

    1. DMS to DD: Divide minutes by 60 and seconds by 3,600, then add both fractions to the degrees. Example: 32° 45′ 19″ N = 32 + 45/60 + 19/3,600 = 32.75527778°.
    2. DD to DMS: Keep the whole degrees. Multiply the decimal remainder by 60 for minutes; keep the whole minutes, then multiply that remainder by 60 for seconds. Example: −97.33166667° longitude = 97° 19′ 54.000″ W.
    3. Direction: North and East are positive. South and West are negative. Choose latitude for N/S or longitude for E/W when converting back to DMS.

    Results show eight decimal places in DD and three decimal places in DMS. Small differences can occur when a source coordinate was previously rounded.